I've been in the Netherlands this December, working on a series of interviews with Dutch book artists for the magazine Printmaking Today. As a taster for the feature - out in the spring - here’s my conversation with Noor van der Brugge in Utrecht.
Water is a recurrent image in the work of Noor van der
Brugge, who runs The Yeats Sisters Press. I take the train to visit her Utrecht
studio, following the route of the Amsterdam-Rijn Canal. Van der Brugge made a book while making the same
journey.
‘Vice versa is a
collection of ships’ names. I was teaching in Amsterdam three
times a week. In January I decided I would note down the first ship I saw from
the train each day, along with the time and the weather. I collected these
notes for the rest of the year. I was able to do it 70 or 80 times – sometimes I forgot – not often! It completely changed my experience of going back and forth to Amsterdam. I was really fed up with this train and, you know, everyone was going to work, so no one was happy. But for me, it became a moment of reflection. Suddenly – I was working on my collection, I was working on a book – I grew more curious about the ships’ names. Some boats I saw more than once. I noticed that 100 years ago most ships had women’s names.’
Although the information provided is minimal, and purely typographic, there is a strong sense of the ships’ characters. A few words create a concrete poem in a manner reminiscent of Ian Hamilton Finlay’s work. ‘I noticed that when you have so little text, your mind starts making connections. For example, this boat was called Morgen Ster (Morning Star) and there was a snowstorm on that day in January, around ten to five, so in my mind, I start making a story….’
Vice versa is a long, flat book, like
the barges drifting along the canal. ‘I tried to make the binding look as if this was a useful book for people working at the sluice-gates, a fake official document.’
Van der Brugge had been printing for some time
before the growing use of text in her work led her to investigate letterpress. ‘I’ve always loved printing. I’ve done a lot of etching and lithography.'
She continues, ‘My final project at art academy was a book – and I etched the lettering – but I was not too happy with it. It was hard to find a place to learn means of printing text. Then one day I met a guy on a train, and we started talking. He said, “Oh, you should go to Henk van Lunsen in Hilversum.” So I spent a week with him, learning letterpress. But I’m not a professional –professionals work much faster than I do. On the other hand, professional letterpress printers – not artists, but commercial printers – often say to me, “You do things that we are always told never to.” I’m not hindered by too much knowledge.’
‘In the Netherlands the printers are mostly nice old men. They realise that if no one takes over from them, within 20 to 30 years no one will know how to print, so they are willing to explain things. They’re so helpful – I find it very different to the artists’ world I knew before, when I was making drawings, which was more competitive.’
And why The Yeats Sisters Press? Surely the two women who established the Cuala Press in 1908 had no connections with the Netherlands? ‘I read a biography of the two sisters, Lily and Lolly. I really admire them, because in the Yeats family, there the poet, W.B. Yeats, and their father the painter, and there was another brother who was also a painter, and they all did amazing things… but no one made any money, and the two sisters took care of everything. They printed like mad. They were involved in the Arts and Crafts movement and published impressive books. So I wanted to honour them.’
She continues, ‘My
press may be one of the smallest in the Netherlands. Now I can do everything
myself: content, of course; printing; illustration and binding.’
Her latest
book, They ALL of them know, is an ‘experiment
to combine letterpress and linocut.’ She admits, ‘I love lino. It is such a
stark, primitive technique.’ The text is ‘a long poem by Charles Bukowski that
goes on and on, a repetitive phrase about asking – only in the last line is
there an answer. I’m happy with the form I found because it builds to the conclusion.’ In van der Brugge’s setting (see images above) all the text is
visible at first glance, as in a broadside; however, because the sheets are
bound as a codex, the images are hidden until the pages are turned. The
structure is a good way to underscore the tension accumulating in Bukowski’s poem,
which is typical of van der Brugge’s imaginative, yet subtle, approach to
binding. She says, ‘I love the book form so much. For me, the turning of a page
always brings movement and a little surprise. Some people make books that are hard
to see as books – they may be more like teapots, or some other three-dimensional
gimmick. That’s nice enough, but still, I respect the simple book form. I like
to have a book with pages you can turn.’
The suede covers of Sombere
Honden, a series of etchings of melancholy dogs, feel like a particularly silky
pug. Van der Brugge chose to present this sequence in book form, even though
there’s no text, because it made sense to collect the prints together. ‘One of
my recurrent themes is the art of collecting. Some people collect little bottles
or knick-knacks… This is my collection of sad dogs. I like to make the world –
in Dutch one says “overzichtelijk” – in English, you have “an overview” – so that all is clearly set out and everything has its place. I grew up in the 1960s, and the education I received, especially in primary school, presented the world as compartmentalised in a certain way. In other words, “If you know all this, you’ll know everything.” Perhaps due to my age, but also, I think, the world around us, it seems like everything has got more and more complicated. I’m still looking for that 1960s simplicity.’
Another book, Voyages, is also about collections – and about ships. This one is purely etchings, too. The images were taken from very small illustrations in the Larousse dictionary. ‘I think these nineteenth-century illustrations are so good – they’re small but they tell you everything you need to know about something.’ The tiny images recall a recent interview with Peter Blake, published in Venice Fantasies (Enitharmon Editions), in which he discusses his delight in using illustrations cut from Larousse for his recent suite of collages.
Van der Brugge has slightly enlarged the images of galleons and submarines, but presents them on a vast page, as if seen from the distance across the sea. The blue background, which covers a whole page. She explains: ‘For me it’s a bit reminiscent of Dutch Delft blue – and there’s a connection there with shipping, because even though it’s typically Dutch, Delftware was painted in China, and then traded across the sea.’
Now Van der Brugge is working on a collection of satirical poems by Piet Meewse, a book which employs linocuts and
fold-outs. The latter distort the page by shadowing and then revealing images
and text. The fold-outs draw the reader in. She says, ‘I like that
element of surprise – you see something but not everything.’ The next book, Lassie, is a response to a poem by a Dutch poet she greatly admires, Tonnus Oosterhoff, who won the most
prestigious Dutch literature price this month. ‘I like his work because he tried everything in the search for the right style – some people think a writer should have one style from the outset, in order to
be recognised, but I think it’s great to try various things. His poem ‘Lassie’ [about the fictional collie dog, who a featured in many children’s tv
and radio shows] fits with my theme of making the world a simple,
well-structured place.
I laugh. ‘Lassie finds things, wherever they are!’
‘Yes!’ Van der Brugge agrees. ‘The end is always good – and Lassie’s owner is
always good. The villains are always caught or
punished – although nothing really bad happens to them, like being shot – but
they are punished – they are put into prison
or they fall into the water.’ It is a project imbued with optimism, each page bursting with a lively gouache of Lassie on her adventures. ‘I want to make a colourful book this time.’
